Flowing Gradient

Based on the current wellbore configuration, you can calculate the pressure drop and other parameters as gradients in the wellbore. With this information, you can mitigate liquid loading, erosion, and hydrate formation by changing the wellbore configuration or operating conditions. You can also decide upon the best wellbore configuration for a new well based on the flow rates.

Note: This analysis works with your Harmony Optimize™ license.

Delete — removes the currently selected inflow, outflow, gradient, or forecast.
Copy — creates a duplicate of the currently selected inflow, outflow, gradient, or forecast. The name is appended with the word "Copy".
/ Show / Hide — toggle between showing or hiding the inflow, outflow, gradient, or forecast.
/ Collapse / Expand — closes / opens the details for the inflow, outflow, gradient, or forecast. If you see a red triangle () in the top left of a collapsed analysis, you need to investigate the required parameters.

The analysis includes the following functionality:

Add Flowing Gradient button — click this button to calculate the pressure drop in a wellbore in the Gradient box. Toggle between Producing and Injecting mode. Circular alerts in the Gradient section notify you of risk factors with the selected gradient [erosion (E), hydrates (H), liquid loading (LL)].
Pressure header — displays a plot of flowing pressure gradients along the wellbore.
Hydrates header — displays a plot of temperature and pressure gradients along the wellbore, as well as regions where hydrates may form. If this header has a red dot beside it, this indicates that your data may require further analysis.
Velocity header — displays a plot of fluid velocity gradients along the wellbore, as well as regions affected by liquid loading or erosion.
Auto-scale checkbox — fits the plot to the maximum viewable area of the screen.
Details header — displays a comprehensive data table. Click the options in Parameters you want displayed.

Pressure header

In this section, the currently selected gradient is displayed in blue and other gradients in gray. When you hover over a plot, its gradient name is displayed.

Note: Injection calculations use the same correlations as production calculations. While this is fine for single-phase flow, it may be a problem for multiphase flow because multiphase injection calculations may not account for all the flow patterns and other phenomena that may occur.

Hydrates header

In this section, you can view your risk factors for hydrates forming.

For the currently selected gradient, pressure and temperature are plotted versus depth. Regions affected by the formation of hydrates are shaded in light blue, and the pressure and temperature are dotted lines.

Propane content — accepts values between 0-10% propane content by weight. Use as a tuning method for gas analysis sensitivities.

Velocity header

In this section, you can determine the optimal fluid velocity for your wellbore.

For the currently selected gradient, an erosional curve is plotted. The solid pink line displays the average fluid velocity at any point along your wellbore. The dotted pink line displays regions affected by either liquid loading or erosion. The beige highlighted region denotes the portions of your wellbore where the fluid velocity is above the erosional velocity threshold. The pink highlighted region denotes the portions of your wellbore where the fluid velocity is below the liquid loading threshold.

Note: When you hover over a highlighted region, a tooltip displays risk factors for that region.

Erosion Constant — sensitize your reservoir’s erosional performance through careful adjustment of this constant.

Details header

With this powerful, comprehensive table, you can do a deep-dive into the hidden flow parameters for your wellbore. Fluid compositions, PVT properties, pressure losses, and more are available at a segment-by-segment level.

This table is extremely useful for troubleshooting nuanced analyses and the interaction of fluids within the wellbore.