References

Analysis References

1. Liang, P., Thompson, J.M. and Mattar, L. 2012. Importance of the Transition Period to Compound Linear Flow in Unconventional Reservoirs. SPE-162646 presented at the SPE Canadian Unconventional Resources Conference in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

2. Lougheed, D., Santo, M. and Ewens S. “Is That Radial Flow? What Can Be Learned From Buildup Analysis of Multiply-Fractured Horizontal Wells in Unconventional Reservoirs” SPE Paper 164525 prepared for presentation at the Unconventional Resources Conference-USA, Woodlands, Texas, USA. April 2013.

3. Nobakht, M., Clarkson C., Kaviani, D. "New Type Curves for Analyzing Horizontal Well With Multiple Fractures in Shale Gas Reservoirs" SPE 149397, Canadian Unconventional Resources Conference, November 2011.

Major References

1. "Pressure Transient Testing", John Lee, John B. Rollins and John P. Spivey, SPE Textbook Series, Vol. 9, Henry L. Doherty Memorial Fund of AIME, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Richardson, Texas, 2003.

2. "Well Test Analysis: The Use of Advanced Interpretation Models", Handbook of Petroleum Exploration and Production, Vol.3, Dominique Bourdet, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2002.

3. "Fundamental and Applied Pressure Analysis", T.S. Daltaban and C.G. Wall, Reservoir Modeling Division, Imperial College Press, London, 1998.

4. "Gas Reservoir Engineering", John Lee and Robert A. Wattenberger, SPE Textbook Series, Vol. 5, Henry L. Doherty Memorial Fund of AIME, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Richardson, Texas, 1996.

5. "Well Test Analysis", Rajagopal Raghavan, Prentice Hall Petroleum Engineering Series, New Jersey, 1993.

6. Well Test Analysis, M.A. Sabet, Gulf Publishing Company, 1991.

7. Pressure Transient Analysis, J.F. Stanislav and C.S. Kabir, Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1990.

8. Modern Well Test Analysis, A Computer-Aided Approach – R. Horne, Stanford University, 1990.

9. Well Testing in Heterogeneous Formations, T.D. Streltsova, John Wiley & Sons, 1988.

10. Gas Well Testing - Theory and Practice, E.R.C.B. Fourth Edition, 1979 – Guide G-3.

11. Advances in Well Test Analysis, R.C. Earlougher, Jr., SPE Monograph, Vol. V, 1977.

12. Pressure Buildup and Flow Tests in Wells, C.S. Matthews and D.G. Russell, SPE Monograph, Vol. I, 1967.

Minifrac References

1. “Holistic Fracture Diagnostics”, R. D. Barree, SPE, and V. L. Barree, Barree & Associates, and Craig, SPE, Halliburton, Paper SPE 107877, Presented at the Rocky Mountain Oil & Gas Technology Symposium held in Denver, Colorado, USA, 16-18 April 2007.

2. “Application of a New Fracture-Injection/Falloff Model Accounting for Propagating, Dilating, and Closing Hydraulic Fracture”, D. P. Craig, Halliburton, and T. A. Blasingame, Texas A & M University, Paper SPE 100578, Presented at the SPE 2006 Gas Technology Symposium held in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 15-17 May 2006.

3. “After-Closure Analysis of Fracture Calibration Tests”, Nolte, K.G., Maniere, J.L., and Owens, K.A., Paper SPE 38676, Presented at the 1997 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Antonio, Texas, 5-8 October, 1997.

4. "Background for After-Closure Analysis of Fracture Calibration Tests", Nolte, K. G., Paper SPE 39407, Unsolicited companion paper to SPE 38676 Jul, 1997.

5. “Modified Fracture Pressure Decline Analysis Including Pressure-Dependent Leakoff”, Castillo, J. L., Paper SPE 16417, presented at the SPE/DOE Low Permeability Reservoirs Joint Symposium, Denver, CO, May 18-19, 1987.

6. “Determination of Fracture Parameters from Fracturing Pressure Decline", Nolte, K. G., Paper SPE 8341, Presented at the Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Las Vegas, NV, Sept. 23-26, 1979.

7. "New Method for Determination of Formation Permeability, Reservoir Pressure, and Fracture Properties from a Minifrac Test", Soliman, M.Y., Craig D., Barko, K., Rahim Z., Ansah J., and Adams D., Paper ARMA/USRMS 05-658, 2005.

8. "Design and Appraisal of Hydraulic Fractures", Jones, J.R. and Britt, L.K., SPE book, 2009.

Modeling References

1. Brown, M., Ozkan, E., Raghavan, R. and Kazemi, H. “Practical Solutions for Pressure Transient Responses of Fractured Horizontal Wells in Unconventional Reservoirs.” SPE Paper 125043 prepared for Presentation at the 2009 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, New Orleans, Louisiana. October 2009.

2. Gringarten, A. C. and Ramey, H. J. Jr. “The Use of Source and Green’s Functions in Solving Unsteady-Flow Problems in Reservoirs.” SPE Paper 3818. SPE Journal 13(5): pp. 285-296, October 1973.

3. Stalgorova, E. and Mattar, L. “Practical Analytical Model to Simulate Production of Horizontal Wells with Branch Fractures.” SPE Paper 162515 prepared for Presentation at the 2012 SPE Canadian Unconventional Resources Conference, Calgary, Alberta. October 2012.

4. Thompson, L.G., Manrique, J.L., U. and Jelmert, T.A. “Efficient Algorithms for Computing the Bounded Reservoir Horizontal Well Pressure Response.” SPE Paper 21827 prepared for Presentation at the Low Permeability Reservoirs Symposium, Denver, Colorado. April 1991.

Property Correlation References

Gas Properties

"Gas Well Testing - Theory and Practice Appendix A", ERCB GUIDE G-3, Fourth Edition, 1979.

Oil Properties

1. "Estimating the Viscosity of Crude Oil Systems", Beggs, H.D. and Robinson, J.R., JPT Forum, September 1975, pp. 1140 - 1141.

2. "Correlations for Fluid Physical Property Prediction", Vazquez, M.E. and Beggs, H.D., Journal of Petroleum Technology, June 1980, pp. 968 - 970.

Al-Marhoun 1985 (Saudi Arabian Oil)

"Pressure-Volume-Temperature Correlations for Saudi Crude Oils", M.A. Al-Marhoun, SPE 13718, 1985.

De Ghetto et al (Heavy and Extra-Heavy Oils)

"Pressure-Volume-Temperature Correlations for Heavy and Extra Heavy Oils", Giambattista De Ghetto, Francesco Paone, and Marco Villa, SPE 30316, 1995.

Glaso (North Sea Oil)

"Generalized Pressure-Volume-Temperature Correlations", Oistein Glaso, Journal of Petroleum Technology, 1980.

Hanafy et al (Egyptian Oil)

"A New Approach for Predicting the Crude Oil Properties", H.H. Hanafy, S.M. Macary, Y.M. ElNady, A.A. Bayomi and M.H. El Batanony, SPE 37439, 1997.

Khan et al (Saudi Arabian Oil)

"Viscosity Correlations for Saudi Arabian Crude Oils", S.A. Khan, M.A. Al-Marhoun, S.O. Duffuaa, and S.A. Abu-Khamsin, SPE Paper No. 15720, 1987.

Ng and Egbogah

"An Improved Temperature-Viscosity Correlation for Crude Oil Systems", J.T.H. Ng and E.O. Egbogah, Petroleum Society of CIM 83-34-32, 1983.

Petrosky and Farshad (Gulf of Mexico Oil)

"Pressure-Volume-Temperature Correlations for Gulf of Mexico Crude Oils", G.E. Petrosky Jr. and F.F. Farshad, SPE 26644, 1993.

Standing (California Oil)

"A Pressure-Volume-Temperature Correlation for Mixtures of California Oil and Gases", M.B. Standing, Drill. & Prod. Prac., API, 1947.

Vasquez and Beggs (Generally Applicable)

"Correlations for Fluid Physical Property Prediction", M.E. Vasquez and H.D. Beggs, JPT 968 - 70, June 1980.

Velarde et al (Reduced Variable Approach)

"Correlation of Black Oil Properties at Pressures Below Bubble Point Pressure – A New Approach", J. Velarde, T.A. Blasingame and W.D. McCain, Jr., The Petroleum Society 93 - 97, 1997.

Water Properties

1. "Applied Petroleum Reservoir Engineering", Craft, B.C. and M.F. Hawkins, Prentice-Hall, 1959, p. 131.

2. "A Correlation for Water Compressibility", Meehan, D.N., Petroleum Engineer, November 1980, pp. 125 - 126.

3. "Estimating Water Viscosity at Reservoir Conditions", Meehan, D.N., Petroleum Engineer, July 1980, pp. 117 - 118.

4. "Correlations for Physical Properties of Petroleum Reservoir Brines", Numbere, D., W.E. Brigham and M.B. Standing, Petroleum Research Institute, Stanford University, November 1977, pp. 8 - 16.

Rock Properties

"Applied Petroleum Reservoir Engineering", Craft, B.C. and M.F. Hawkins, Prentice-Hall, 1959, p. 132.

Specific References

AOF

1. "Theory and Practice of the Testing of Gas Wells", L. Mattar, G. Brar, and M. Mumby, Energy Resources Conservation Board (1978) Third Edition, Chapter 3.

2. "Gas Reservoir Engineering", J. Lee and R. Wattenbarger, Society of Petroleum Engineers Inc. (1996) Volume 5, 73 - 74, 173 - 181.

Average Reservoir Pressure

"p/Z Abnormally Pressured Gas Reservoirs", Ramagost, B.P. and Farshad, F.F., Paper SPE 10125 presented at the AFTCE, San Antonio, TX, October 5 - 7, 1981.

Changing Wellbore Storage

1. "How Wellbore Dynamics Affect Pressure Transient Analysis", L. Mattar and M. Santo, JCPT (February 1992) Volume 31, No. 2, 32 - 40.

2. "The Primary Pressure Derivative (PPD) – A New Diagnostic Tool in Well Test Interpretation", L. Mattar and K. Zaoral, JCPT (April 1992) Volume 31, No. 4, 63 - 70.

3. "Pressure Buildup Analysis with Wellbore Phase Redistribution Effects", Fair, W.B., Jr, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. (April 1981) pp. 259 - 270.

4. "Well-Test Analysis with Changing Wellbore Storage", P.S. Hegeman, D.L. Hallford, and J.A. Joseph, SPEFE (September 1993) 201 - 207.

Choked Fracture Skin

1. "Effect of Wellbore Storage on the Transient Pressure Behavor of Vertically Fractured Wells", H. Cinco-Ley and F. Samaniego-V., Paper SPE 6752 presented at 1977 AFTCE, Denver, CO, October 9 - 12.

2. "Transient Pressure Analysis: Finite-Conductivity Fracture Case Versus Damaged Fracture Case", H. Cinco-Ley and F. Samaniego-V., Paper SPE 10179 presented at 1981 AFTCE, San Antonio, TX, October 5 - 7.

3. "Optimization of the Productivity Index and the Fracture Geometry of a Stimulated Well with Fracture Face and Choke Skins", D.J. Romero, P.P. Valko and M.J. Economides, SPEPF (February 2003) 57 - 64.

Closed Chamber Test (CCT) Analysis

"A New Approach for Interpreting Pressure Data to Estimate Key Reservoir Parameters from Closed-Chamber Tests", N.M.A. Rahman, SPE, Schlumberger; M.S. Santo and L. Mattar, SPE, Fekete Associates Inc., Paper SPE 109860 presented at the 2007 SPE ATCE held in Anaheim, California, U.S.A., 11 - 14, November.

Closed Chamber Test (CCT) Model

"A New Approach for Interpreting Pressure Data to Estimate Key Reservoir Parameters from Closed-Chamber Tests", N. M. Anisur Rahman, SPE, Schlumberger, M.S. Santo, and L. Mattar, SPE, Fekete Assoc. Inc., Paper SPE 109860, presented at 82nd Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition of the SPE, Anaheim, CA, November 11 - 14, 2007.

Composite Model

1. "An Analytical Model for Composite Reservoirs Produced at Either Constant Bottomhole Pressure or Constant Rate", Olarewaju, J.S. and Lee, W.J., SPE 16763 (1987).

2. Issaka, B. (1996) Ph.D. thesis, University of Alberta, Canada.

Deconvolution

Thomas Von Schroeter et al. and Michael M. Levitan et al.: SPE 71574, SPE 77688, SPE 84290, SPE 90680.

Derivative Analysis

1. "Derivative Analysis Without Type Curves", Louis Mattar, JCPT Special Edition (1999) vol. 38.

2. "Use of Pressure Derivative in Well-Test Interpretation", D. Bourdet, J.A. Ayoub, and Y.M. Pirard, SPE Formation Evaluation, (June 1989).

Dual Porosity

1. "Gas Reservoir Engineering", J. Lee and R. Wattenbarger, Society of Petroleum Engineers Inc. (1996) Volume 5, 73 - 74, 173 - 181.

2. "The Behavior of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs", J.E. Warren and P.J. Root, Society of Petroleum Engineers Inc. (1963) SPEJ 426.

Elliptical Flow Analysis

"Determination of Horizontal Permeability Anisotropy from Horizontal Well Tests", M.B. Issaka, K. Zaoral, A.K. Ambastha, L. Mattar, Paper presented at the 2000 SPE Saudi Arabia Section Technical Symposium, Dahran, Saudi Arabia, October 21 - 23.

Finite Conductivity Fracture Model

1. "A New Analytic Solution For Finite Conductivity Vertical Fractures with Real Time and Laplace Space Parameter Estimation", Lee, S.T. and Brockenbrough, J., SPEFE (Feb. 1986) p. 75, SPE 12013.

2. "Transient Pressure Behavior for a Well with a Finite-Conductivity Fracture", H. Cinco-Ley, F. Samaniego-V., and N. Dominguez-A., SPEJ (August 1978) 253 - 264.

Fracture with Boundaries Model

1. "Efficient Algorithms for Computing the Bounded Reservoir Horizontal Well Pressure Responses", L.G. Thompson, J.L. Manrique and T.A. Jelmert, Paper SPE 21827 presented at 1991 Rocky Mountain Regional Meeting and Low-Permeability Reservoirs Symposium, Denver, CO, April 15 - 17.

2. "Pressure Analysis for Fractured Wells", A.C. Gringarten, H.J. Ramey, Jr., and R. Raghavan, Paper SPE 4051 presented at the 1972 AFM, San Antonio, TX, October 8 - 11.

Horizontal Model

2. "Determination of Horizontal Permeability Anisotropy from Horizontal Well Tests", M.B. Issaka, K. Zaoral, A.K. Ambastha, L. Mattar, Paper presented at the 2000 SPE Saudi Arabia Section Technical Symposium, Dahran, Saudi Arabia, October 21 - 23.

3. "New Solutions for Well-Test-Analysis Problems: Part 1 - Analytical Considerations", Ozkan, E. and Raghavan, R., SPEFE (Sep. 1991) p. 359.

4. "New Solutions for Well-Test-Analysis Problems: Part 2 - Computational Considerations and Applications", Ozkan, E. and Raghavan, R., SPEFE (Sep. 1991) p. 369.

Horizontal Multifrac - Enhanced Frac Region Model

"Stalgorova, E. and Mattar, L. “Practical Analytical Model to Simulate Production of Horizontal Wells with Branch Fractures.” SPE Paper 162515 prepared for Presentation at the 2012 SPE Canadian Unconventional Resources Conference, Calgary, Alberta. October 2012."

Impulse Radial Analysis

"A New Method for Determination of Average Reservoir Pressure", F.J. Kuchuk, SPE Paper 56418 Presented at 1999 ATCE, Houston, TX (October 3 - 6).

IPR

"Inflow Performance Relationship for Solution-Gas Drive Wells", Vogel, J. V., JPT, Jan. 1968.

Leaky Fault Model

"Analytical Solution to the Transient-Flow Problems for a Well Located near a Finite-Conductivity Fault in Composite Reservoirs", N.M. Anisur Rahman, M.D. Miller and L. Mattar, SPE Paper 84295 for Presentation in SPE Annual Technical Meeting and Exhibition, Denver, CO (October 2003).

Linear Channel Flow Analysis

"Pressure Transient Analysis of Wells in Very Long Narrow Reservoirs", R. Nutakki, L. Mattar; Society of Petroleum Engineers Paper 11221, 1982.

Multi-Layer Cylindrical Model

1. "Application of the Parallel Resistance Concept to Well Test Analysis of Multilayered Reservoirs", Mavor, M.J. and Walkup, G.W., SPE 15117 (1986).

2. "The Application of the Laplace Transformation to Flow Problems in Reservoirs", A.F. van Everdingen and W. Hurst, Trans. AIME (1949) vol. 186, 305 - 324.

3. "A Study of the Behaviour of Bounded Reservoir Composed of Stratified Layers", H.C. Lefkovits, P. Hazebroek, E.E. Allen and C.S. Matthews, SPEJ (March 1961) 43 - 58.

4. "Transient Pressure Behaviour of Commingled Reservoirs", F.J. Kuchuk and D.J. Wilkinson, SPEFE (1991).

Multi-Layer Cylindrical with Unequal Pi Model

1. "The New Analytical Solution to Pressure Transient Problems in Commingled, Layered Zones with Unequal Initial Pressures Subject to Stepped Changes in Production Rates", N.M. Anisur Rahman and L. Mattar, Paper SPE 90087 for Presentation in SPE Annual Technical Meeting and Exhibition, Houston, TX, September 2004.

2. "A Study of the Behaviour of Bounded Reservoir Composed of Stratified Layers", H.C. Lefkovits, P. Hazebroek, E.E. Allen and C.S. Matthews, SPEJ (March 1961) 43 - 58.

3. "Wells Producing Commingled Zones with Unequal Initial Pressures and Reservoir Properties", L. Larsen, Paper SPE 10325 for Presentation in AFTCE, San Antonio, TX, October 5 - 7, 1981.

4. "An Efficient Algorithm for Computation of Well Responses in Commingled Reservoirs", J.B. Spath, E. Ozkan and R. Raghavan, SPEFE (June 1994) 115 - 121.

Multilayer Cylindrical Rectangular Model

1. "The Application of the Laplace Transformation to Flow Problems in Reservoirs", A.F. van Everdingen and W. Hurst, Trans. AIME (1949) vol. 186, 305 - 324.

2. "The Use of Source and Green’s Functions in Solving Unsteady-Flow Problems in Reservoirs", A.C. Gringarten and H.J. Ramey, Jr., SPEJ (October 1973) 285 - 296.

3. "Transient Pressure Behaviour of Commingled Reservoirs", F.J. Kuchuk and D.J. Wilkinson, SPEFE (1991).

Partial Penetration Model

"The Use of Source and Green’s Functions in Solving Unsteady-Flow Problems in Reservoirs", A.C. Gringarten and H.J. Ramey, Jr., SPEJ (October 1973) 285 - 296.

PITA Analysis

1. "Use of PITA for Estimating Key Reservoir Parameters", N.M. Anisur Rahman, Mehran Pooladi-Darvish, Martin S. Santo and Louis Mattar, Paper CIPC 2006 - 172 presented at 2006 Canadian International Petroleum Conference, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, June 13 - 15.

2. "Development of Equations and Procedure for Perforation Inflow Test Analysis (PITA)", N.M. Anisur Rahman, Mehran Pooladi-Darvish and Louis Mattar, Paper SPE 95510 presented at 2005 ATCE, Dallas, TX, October 9 - 12.

3. "Perforation Inflow Test Analysis (PITA)", N.M. Anisur Rahman, Mehran Pooladi-Darvish and Louis Mattar, Paper CIPC 2005 - 031 presented at 2005 Canadian International Petroleum Conference, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, June 7 - 9.

PITA Model

1. "Use of PITA for Estimating Key Reservoir Parameters", N. M. Anisur Rahman, Mehran Pooladi-Darvish, Martin S. Santo and Louis Mattar, Paper CIPC 2006 - 172, presented at 7th Canadian International Petroleum Conference, Calgary, AB, June 13 - 15, 2006.

2. "Development of Equations and Procedure for Perforation Inflow Test Analysis (PITA)", N. M. Anisur Rahman, Mehran Pooladi-Darvish and Louis Mattar, Paper SPE 95510, presented at 80th Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition of the SPE, Dallas, TX, October 9 - 12, 2005.

3. "Perforation Inflow Test Analysis (PITA)", N. M. Anisur Rahman, Mehran Pooladi-Darvish and Louis Mattar, Paper CIPC 2005 - 031, presented at 6th Canadian International Petroleum Conference, Calgary, AB, June 7 - 9, 2005.

Pseudo-Pressure

1. "Theory and Practice of the Testing of Gas Wells, Third Edition", Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB), pp. 2 -16 to 2 - 30, 1975.

2. "The Flow of Real Gases through Porous Media", R. Al - Hussainy, H.J. Ramey, Jr., and P.B. Crawford, JPT, pp. 625 - 636, May 1966.

Pseudo-Time

1. "A New Method for Computing Pseudo-Time from the Material Balance Equation for Real Gas Flow", N. M. Anisur Rahman, Louis Mattar, and Karel Zaoral, Paper CIPC 2004 - 182 presented at the CIPC, Calgary, June 8 - 10, 2004.

2. "Theory and Practice of the Testing of Gas Wells, Third Edition", Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB), pp. 2 -16 to 2 - 30, 1975.

3. "Real Gas Pseudo-Time - A New Function for Pressure Buildup Analysis of MHF Gas Wells", R.G. Agarwal, Paper SPE 8279 presented at AFTCE, Las Vegas, NV, September 23 - 26, 1979.

4. "The Flow of Real Gases through Porous Media", R. Al - Hussainy, H.J. Ramey, Jr., and P.B. Crawford, JPT, pp. 625 - 636, May 1966.

Skin Due to Inclination

"Unsteady-State Pressure Distribution Created by a Directionally Drilled Well", H. Cinco, F.G. Miller and H.J. Ramey, Jr., JPT (November 1975).

Skin Due to Partial Penetration

1. "An Equation for Calculating Skin Factor Due to Restricted Flow Entry", A.S. Odeh, JPT (June 1980).

2. "Numerical Simulations of the Combined Effects of Wellbore Damage and Partial Penetration", R.M. Saidikowski, Paper SPE 8204 presented at 1979 AFTCE, Las Vegas, NV, September 23 - 26.

Skin Due to Turbulence

"Non-Darcy Flow and Wellbore Storage Effects in Pressure Build-Up and Drawdown of Gas Wells", H.J. Ramey, Jr., JPT (February 1965) 223 - 233.

Skin on Fracture Face

1. "Effect of Wellbore Storage on the Transient Pressure Behavor of Vertically Fractured Wells’, H. Cinco-Ley and F. Samaniego-V., Paper SPE 6752 presented at 1977 AFTCE, Denver, CO, October 9 - 12.

Slant Model

"Efficient Algorithms for Computing the Bounded Reservoir Horizontal Well Pressure Responses", L.G. Thompson, J.L. Manrique and T.A. Jelmert, Paper SPE 21827 presented at 1991 Rocky Mountain Regional Meeting and Low-Permeability Reservoirs Symposium, Denver, CO, April 15 - 17.

Slug Model

1. "Analysis of Slug Test or DST Flow Period Data", H.J. Ramey, Jr., R.G. Agarwal and I. Martin, JCPT (July - September 1975) 37 - 47.

2. "Annulus Unloading Rates as Influenced by Wellbore Storage and Skin Effect", H.J. Ramey, Jr. and R.G. Agarwal, SPEJ (October 1972) 453 - 462.

3. "Analysis of Slug and Drillstem Tests", A.M.M. Peres, Ph.D. Thesis, The University of Tulsa (1989).

Spherical Flow Analysis

1. "Pressure Buildup Equations for Spherical Flow Regime Problems", W.E. Culham, SPEJ (December 1974) 545 - 555.

2. "Theoretical Analysis of Pressure Phenomena Associated with the Wireline Formation Tester", J.H. Moran and E.E. Finklea, JPT (August 1962) 899 - 908.

Two-Phase Skin

"Practical Consideration in the Analysis of Gas Condensate Well Tests", R. Raghavan, W., C. Chu, and J.R. Jones, Paper SPE 30576 presented at 1995 ATCE, Dallas, TX, October 22 - 25.

Vertical Model

1. "The Application of the Laplace Transformation to Flow Problems in Reservoirs" A.F. van Everdingen and W. Hurst, Trans. AIME (1949) vol. 186, 305 - 324.

2. "The Use of Source and Green’s Functions in Solving Unsteady-Flow Problems in Reservoirs", A.C. Gringarten and H.J. Ramey, Jr., SPEJ (October 1973) 285 - 296.

Wedge Model

1. "The Application of the Laplace Transformation to Flow Problems in Reservoirs", A.F. van Everdingen and W. Hurst, Trans. AIME (1949) vol. 186, 305 - 324.

2. "Computing Pressure Distribution in Wedges," C.-C. Chen and R. Raghavan, SPEJ (March 1997) 24 - 32.